Examples of Sustainable Development

Sustainable development was coined in 1987 by the Bruntland Commission where they defined it as, 'development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs'. Since then, sustainable development theory has been greatly expanded and these ideas have been utilised around the world. The need for development to become more sustainable is important, as many of the planet's ecosystems are degraded. Without the essential services provided by these natural systems, the planet cannot sustain life. For this reason, sustainability has been integrated into development at an ever-growing pace.

There are many different examples of development for sustainability around the world, with sustainable cities, eco-industrial parks, and corporations all moving towards greater sustainability. The following article will describe the above movements and provide examples of sustainable development.

A sustainable city considers the natural environment in its design and aims to reduce the input of energy, water and other resources, as well as minimising the generation of waste and other environmental disturbances. Vitoria-Gasteiz in Spain is one example of a sustainable city or eco-city. It has implemented a policy of mixed land use and high density development along its major transport routes. An upgraded public transport system allows more residents to live there, while remaining green belts still provide habitat for wildlife and recreational areas for people.

Examples of Sustainable Development

Eco-industrial parks are areas where industries are placed together to co-operatively manage the use of resources and environmental impacts caused by their operations. By sharing resources they improve efficiency and create less waste. An eco-industrial park in Kalundborg, Denmark has a number of businesses that utilise the by-products of other manufacturers. The waste created by a power station in the park is used to make cement by another firm. Other businesses use heat generated by the power plant and cement factory for some of their processes.

Corporations are also recognising the importance of incorporating sustainable development principles into their operations. In America, Interface Inc., a major carpet tile producer has greatly improved its ecological footprint. By using recycled and more environmentally friendly products, and more efficient manufacturing processes, they have reduced their energy and water consumption. The levels of waste, particularly hazardous waste have also been greatly reduced.

By the adoption of sustainable development, all of these examples have improved their environmental performance. As more and more governments, industries and individuals incorporate sustainable development, the future of the planet will begin to look brighter.

Examples of Sustainable Development
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The Effects of Deforestation in our World

Many of the earth's most delicate ecosystems have been affected by rampant and irresponsible deforestation. Although the dire effects are well known and documented by researches around the world, deforestation still persists by those who wish to flout the law. Why are forest ecosystems so valuable and what are the effects of deforestation in our world?

Among the ecosystems that currently exist, forest ecosystem have been widely recognized as one of the most efficient and delicate on earth. Forests are important ecosystems because they hold many important nutrients and help to recycle nutrients too. They are also important because they absorb and hold water thus making them a very rich and porous humus topsoil.

Deforestation happens when trees are cut down on a wide scale. This will lead to widespread disruption of a forest ecosystem. When a forest is cleared, the humus rich topsoil is left exposed leading to a number of dire consequences. The rain that falls on the exposed soil converts that rich topsoil into a sealed-off soil that is moist and muddy. It causes the soil to be washed easily into waterways. What is left behind is poor subsoil that leaves the land vulnerable to more natural erosion. In other words, deforestation leads to massive soil and land erosion.

The Effects of Deforestation in our World

When deforestation happens in tropical rain forests the effects are more devastating. It is because humus topsoil in tropical rain forests is known to be very thin and lacking in nutrients, so when deforestation occurs, the topsoil that is left behind is very vulnerable and will tend to wash away and erode easily. After deforestation in tropical rain forests, the only thing left is very poor nutrient, hard, clay-like subsoil that is not rich enough to sustain most forms of agriculture.

Sediments that are washed away eventually enter our drains, streams and rivers. These eroding sediments are often responsible for clogging up water channel leading to the problem of flooding. Soil erosion upsets surrounding ecosystems and has been known to be responsible for killing off the fishes and flooding reservoirs.

However despite all the ill effects, deforestation still happens around the world at alarming rates, especially in developing countries. A survey carried out by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that 33.8 million trees were cleared between 1990 and 1995 in developing countries. That area would be 3 times the size of France! Why? What is happening? It is because forests are ready source of timber and wealth and after the forests are cleared, there's room for agriculture. Most of the agriculture is directed the to the planting of cash crops and grass and other crops to support greater beef promotion.

The Effects of Deforestation in our World
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Global warming is a threat that will affect generations to come. The atmosphere surrounding us that supports life is a God-given gift. It must be protected. We should be leaders in efforts to curb global warming, not resistant followers.

Erin Hunt is an avid writer and activist. She discovered that many are still unaware of the dangers of global warming and thus created a website to educate others on how they can play a role in the fight against global warming. Find out how you can make a difference at http://www.fightagainstglobalwarming.com

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My Cat Keeps Sneezing - What to Do When You Have a Cat Sneezing a Lot

Okay. Your cat keeps sneezing. As long as you don't have a cat sneezing blood, this is probably not a case of something really bad like feline leukemia. He may have caught a "cat cold", or may have just got some dust or allergens in his nose. Regardless, if your cat or kitten keeps sneezing, you will want to take a look at some common cat sneezing symptoms to determine what course of action to take, and how serious the problem is.

When you have a cat sneezing a lot, especially if there is cat sneezing and coughing present, something has gone from a not-so-serious issue to a more dangerous health concern. True, your cat loves to investigate and explore its world with its nose, but that little bit of dust, if left untended, can result in a much more serious matter.

In a cat, upper respiratory infection is a very common ailment that can be diagnosed rather easily. If you have cat sneezing and runny nose, and these symptoms are accompanied by loss of appetite, depression, and coughing. The good news is you can keep this from occurring when your cat keeps sneezing if you treat the flu-like symptoms quickly.

My Cat Keeps Sneezing - What to Do When You Have a Cat Sneezing a Lot

But, you ask, how can I treat my cat? I can not afford an expensive vet trip, and hate to see my feline friend stuck and prodded and mad at me. What are your options? You have only two options here other than an expensive, painful vet trip.

If your cat or kitten sneezes periodically, give it a day and see if it stops. It could be that a local environmental effect like dust or dirt has lodged in your pet's nasal passage, and will be sneezed out. But if your kitten or cat keeps sneezing a lot, you can be certain that there is a bigger problem at hand. At this point, we can rule out ignoring the problem, as it can become much more serious, and even lead to feline leukemia or lung problems.

The only available option if your cat keeps sneezing is actually a treatment that has been around since the beginning of time, and a treatment that wild cats use all the time. Using natural herbs and naturally occurring substances and minerals as opposed to chemicals and medicines produced by man is the practice of homeopathy. Many veterinarians and pet experts have been saying for years that our current medicinal practices and pet foods may actually be shortening our beloved pet's lives.

Employing homeopathic, holistic cures found in nature is preferred for many reasons. First, there are no side-effects. Vet cures can have painful side-effects, some of them worse than the symptoms they are meant to cure. Homeopathic cures are also non-intrusive. There is no scaring your cat with a vet, no shots, and no cramming him into a cat carrier. Homeopathic cures are sprinkled or dropped onto your pet's tongue, and that is it. Oh yeah, there is no devastating veterinarian's bill, either.

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Wildlife Conservation

Ecological disturbance is disastrous for animal and plant life. There are more problems owing to deforestation and global warming that is severely affecting species. Evolution is another feature in all living beings. There are changes in the physical characteristics, habitat and adaptability in animals that is also promoting migration in animal life. The percentage of endangered species each year is increasing and there are efforts by several organizations to save them from extinction.

Fur is being banned in many countries. Fashion may be a vanity affair but celebrities too are vouching for saving animals. Poaching extinct species like chinkara, elephants and other jungle animals is a strict offence. Hunting of exotic animals is another fad which is illegal and there are stringent rules to check for such offence. The government in all countries is setting up huge expanse of lands as national parks and the management is exclusively looking for protecting wild animals.

Animals like the Bengal white tiger, the Golden toad, the Great Auk which was a type of penguin and the Caspian tiger is no more present. There are several species of the bovine and equine variety which is slowly reaching the state of being rare. Another problem is that of availability of water and vegetation that is the result of lumbering or human intervention. Donations and funding is also looked through charity shows and other celebrity show casing to finance wildlife conservation.

Wildlife Conservation

There are several subspecies that are getting endangered primarily because of weather fluctuations that is hampering their adaptability or threat to their habitat due to human invasion. Bird sanctuaries are also coming into government purview so that they are well taken care of. Natural cross breeding in case of camels and the double humped camel is another reason which has to be controlled as genetic hybridization hampers the original structure.

Awareness is getting wider with schools also including the need for wild life and plant conservation so that the ecological pollution caused by humans can be controlled. Respecting life is important to maintain the balance of all species in the world. There is a greater need to control hunting and use of fur. It is important to avoid cutting down of trees which is rapid to accommodate industrialization and human dwellings. Several animals are now seen in picture books under the heading of extinct varieties and this can be greatly controlled by human efforts.

Wildlife Conservation
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Sell My Timeshare Now - Find Out Exactly How Much a Timeshare is Really Worth Before You Sell

If you feel like it's time to sell your timeshare or if you would just like to find out exactly how much it's worth without having to go through the hassle of a realtor, new free services allow you to find out exactly how much cash you have in your timeshare without having to spend those hours dickering with a real estate agent who may be giving you a lower figure than what your property is really worth in order to sell fast and get a commission.

Even though our economy may be depressed, there are many people who are in the market to buy a timeshare. Just because a portion of our economy is in a depression does not mean that there is not a buyer out there that will not give you full price and exactly what you want for your property.

In order to find out how much a timeshare is worth there are new services that will tell you for free exactly how much value you have. This is an advantage because you can get unbiased opinion without having to deal with a realtor who does not specialize in yearly timeshare sales.

Sell My Timeshare Now - Find Out Exactly How Much a Timeshare is Really Worth Before You Sell

Did you know what time of year you sell will greatly determine how much you can get for your real estate? Arming yourself with the proper knowledge of exactly how much a timeshare is worth will allow to you to relax and negotiate more effectively as you can then decide exactly how much you will take for your property.

You can now find out exactly how much timeshare is worth and even possibly how much other timeshares have sold in your area and maybe even your own complex. It's free to find out.

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Painting Jobs - Going Rate, Hourly Rate Or Selling Price

What hourly rate should I price my paint work at? Or, what is the going rate for a paint job? I wish I had .00 for every time I have heard someone ask that question of another painter.

I wish I had .00 for every time I have heard someone ask that question of another painter.

Calculating overhead - Secrets of knowing what hourly rate to charge for your work.

Painting Jobs - Going Rate, Hourly Rate Or Selling Price

Here are two more examples:

1 - I am a 35 year old married man with 3 kids, a big mortgage, and my wife is a stay at home mom. I pay all my medical expenses out of pocket. I have two painters and two tucks with all their bills and expenses. I pay for workers comp and liability insurance on our combined payroll. And of course if I get hurt my government won't allow me to collect disability; because, I am the owner.

2 - I am a 45 year old man living with my wife who is tenured teacher in a big upper class public school. Her job pays all medical expenses and insurance. We bought our home 20 years ago, and the mortgage is small for today's standards. We are childless and have no major expenses.

Different needs, both business and personal, so what do they charge?

The "going rate", or whatever that is. The problem with selling our services for the "going rate" is that the "going rate" is someone else's rate, not your rate. So to ask anyone what the "going rate" is a sure fire way to work for an hourly rate lower than you need.

You should ask yourself what your "going rate" is. That is, what do you need to sell your jobs at in order to do the best job you are capable of and make what you need plus profit. The way to know is to add all your costs including what you need to earn and diving that by the amount of hours worked.

Just add all your costs, for the year and divide by your historical hours worked. That will be your "going rate" not some number thrown out in order to be the lowest bidder. And that is usually what someone else's going rate is.

The problem with most people in our business when calculating overhead is not including everything.

For example, do you pay yourself to do an estimate? We all advertise "free estimates", they may be free to our clients; but, they are not free to us. Leaving out things like this will give you a lower number than what is needed. And the greatest challenge of painter/craftsman/ business owner is to learn to think like a businessman before thinking of himself as a painter.

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What is Pollution?

Pollution is contamination by a chemical or other agent that renders part of the environment unfit for intended or desired use. These uses also and very importantly include all wildlife and ecological requirements to sustain life in all its natural forms.

Pollution damages the Earth's land, water and air. It results in contamination of the earth's environment with materials that interfere with human health, the quality of life, and the natural functioning of ecosystems (living organisms and their physical surroundings).

Pollution is usually caused by human actions, but can also be the consequence of natural disasters. Pollution can also occur from disruption or damage to wastewater collection and treatment infrastructure due to severe natural events like hurricanes or flooding. Most types of pollution affect the immediate area surrounding the source, and reduce as you move away from the source.

What is Pollution?

Pollution is often caused by the garbage that people throw on the ground or into oceans, lakes or rivers.

Pollution exists in many forms and affects many different aspects of the Earth's environment. Some main types of pollution are:-

- Water pollution is a serious global problem and the largest water pollution problem is from sewage contaminating watercourses.

- Air pollution arising from many sources, and is bad in cities. Car transport emissions causes a lot of the air pollution we see. But did you know that air pollution also can exist inside homes and other buildings? Poor ventilation causes about half of the indoor air pollution problems. Air pollution contributes to the greenhouse effect.

- Highway vehicles, and shipping, are major contributor to air pollution worldwide.

- Photochemical air pollution is commonly referred to as 'smog'. Urban air pollution is often caused by a photochemical, and is commonly known as smog.

- Radioactive pollution results from inadequate nuclear safety.

- Light pollution, includes light trespass, over-illumination and astronomical interference.

- Noise is a form of pollution as well but is unlike the others as it is transient; once the pollution stops, the environment is free of it.

Recently, there has been a heightened interest in the intercontinental transport of pollution. European pollution has been tracked to Asia, as well as the Arctic.

Pollution control involves higher production costs for the industries concerned, but failure to implement adequate controls may result in irreversible environmental damage and an increase in the incidence of diseases such as cancer.

Pollution can be achieved by reducing or eliminating waste at the source by modifying production processes, promoting the use of non-toxic or less-toxic substances, implementing conservation techniques, and re-using materials rather than putting them into the waste stream. But even with these new laws air pollution is still on the increase overall throughout the world. This is especially so in the developing countries.

We should all do what we can to minimize pollution and become 'green'.

What is Pollution?
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Steve Last would like to convince you that to be green is virtuous, and he is also very keen that you understand the problems of Global Warming. You can continue to his web site "Climate Change for Better or Worse" here >>> Climate Change issues and solutions in articles.

There are also essential details for this dog breed and many others at The Dog Breeds Articles Compendium Web Site.

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Using a Reverse Fax Number Lookup Service

This article is going to teach you how to find out who owns any fax number. I'll tell you a story about a time I desperately needed to get in touch with the owner of a fax number and how I ended up using a reverse fax number lookup service to track them down.

About three years ago my family started receiving a constant barrage of phone calls. The telephone was literally ringing every few minutes and at all hours of the day. And each time we picked up the receiver we'd hear the ear-pounding screech of a fax machine trying to connect.

Fax

At first it was just an inconvenience. We'd answer the phone and hear the fax machine screeching from the other end of the line and we'd immediately hang up. But before long the calls were nearly constant. The phone woke us up countless times in the middle of the night and my children were unable to nap in the afternoon. It got so bad we ended up unplugging all the phones in the house at
night just so we could get some sleep.

Using a Reverse Fax Number Lookup Service

Now obviously we were doing our best to figure out what was going on. We called the telephone company and asked if there was a problem with the line but they were absolutely no help at all.

We have Caller ID, so we were able to see the number where the call was originating. But there were several different numbers and each time we called one we were greeted only by a fax machine. I can't tell you how frustrating it was!

Finally, we were about to give up and have our number changed. We didn't really want to since we had the number for years and all of our friends and family already had it. Contacting our relatives overseas to give them a new number would have been a major inconvenience.

Fortunately one of my girlfriends suggested we use a reverse fax number lookup service. We ran a search for several of the fax numbers that were calling us and we were able to get their name, address, and telephone number. We called each of them and found out they were all wholesale distributors and they were each trying to fax an order to a jewelry manufacturer in our area.

To make a long story short, it turned out that the jewelry manufacturer had sent out an advertisement in the mail to several hundred wholesalers. There was a typo in the advertisement that resulted in our phone number being printed in place of the manufacturer.

Luckily for us, the manufacturer quickly corrected things once they realized a mistake had been made. They even sent me a lovely pair of earrings to apologize for the inconvenience!

Using a Reverse Fax Number Lookup Service

If you find yourself in a similar situation and you need to run a reverse fax number lookup, I highly recommend http://Reverse-Telephone-Lookup.com. They can find the owner of any fax number in minutes. And home, business, and cell phones are included in their search too.

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